RSTS/E V8.0 Internals Manual

Part I Overview of RSTS/E Functionality
Chapter 1 Overview of RSTS/E Functionality
- 1.1 Job Management
  - 1.1.1 Timesharing and Allocation of System Resources
  - 1.1.2 Privilege
  - 1.1.3 Interjob Communication
  - 1.1.4 Shared Common Code
  - 1.1.5 Batch Processing
- 1.2 Device Control
  - 1.2.1 Disks and File Processing
    - 1.2.1.1 Disk Types
    - 1.2.1.2 File System
    - 1.2.1.3 Data Caching
    - 1.2.1.4 Backup
  - 1.2.2 Magnetic Tape Processing
  - 1.2.3 Terminal Handling
  - 1.2.4 Line Printer Spooling
- 1.3 Operational Control
  - 1.3.1 Keyboard Monitors and Command Languages
  - 1.3.2 System Management
  - 1.3.3 System Reliability
Part II The Monitor
Chapter 2 Monitor Structure
- 2.1 Major Components
- 2.2 Memory Usage
  - 2.2.1 Memory Management Hardware
  - 2.2.2 Memory Mapping
    - 2.2.2.1 Monitor Mapping
    - 2.2.2.2 File Processor Mapping
    - 2.2.2.3 User Mapping
- 2.3 Component Interaction
  - 2.3.1 Subroutine Linkage (CALLMI)
  - 2.3.2 Component Scheduling (L3QUE)
Chapter 3 Job Control
- 3.1 Data Structures
  - 3.1.1 Job Table (JOBTBL)
  - 3.1.2 Job Data Block (JDB)
    - 3.1.2.1 Primary Job Status Flags (JDFLG)
    - 3.1.2.2 Secondary Job Status Flags (JDFLG2)
  - 3.1.3 Secondary Job Data Block (JDB2)
  - 3.1.4 I/O Block (IOB)
  - 3.1.5 Work Block (WRK)
  - 3.1.6 Job Status Tables (JBSTAT and JBWAIT)
  - 3.1.7 Fixed Memory Locations
- 3.2 Job Scheduling
  - 3.2.1 Runnable Jobs
  - 3.2.2 Job Priority
  - 3.2.3 Round-Robin Scheduling
  - 3.2.4 Run Burst
  - 3.2.5 Subscheduling
Chapter 4 Memory Control
- 4.1 Data Structures
  - 4.1.1 Memory Control Sub-Blocks (MCB)
    - 4.1.1.1 Memory Status Information (M.CTRL)
  - 4.1.2 Resident Memory List (MEMLST)
  - 4.1.3 Desired Residency List (RESLST)
- 4.2 Memory Scheduling
  - 4.2.1 Memory Manager
    - 4.2.1.1 Residency Quantum
    - 4.2.1.2 Locking
  - 4.2.2 Swap Manager
    - 4.2.2.1 Swap Files
Chapter 5 Monitor Services
- 5.1 User/Monitor Interface
  - 5.1.1 Privilege
  - 5.1.2 User Low Core Area
    - 5.1.2.1 Job Keyword (KEY)
    - 5.1.2.2 File Request Queue Block (FIRQB)
    - 5.1.2.3 Transfer Request Block (XRB)
  - 5.1.3 User Request Processing
- 5.2 Interjob Communication
  - 5.2.1 Receiver ID Block (RIB)
  - 5.2.2 Pending Message Block (PMB)
- 5.3 Monitor Block
  - 5.3.1 Buffer Types
    - 5.3.1.1 Small Buffers
    - 5.3.1.2 Large Buffers
  - 5.3.2 Arrangement of Free Space
  - 5.3.3 Buffer Usage
    - 5.3.3.1 Fall Back Allocation
    - 5.3.3.2 Contorted Addresses
    - 5.3.3.3 Large Buffer Headers
    - 5.3.3.4 Small Buffer Chain Blocks
Chapter 6 Device Control
- 6.1 General Overview
  - 6.1.1 Device Characteristics
  - 6.1.2 Processing Flow
- 6.2 Device Identification
  - 6.2.1 Physical Device Names
    - 6.2.1.1 Device Type Names (DEVNAM)
    - 6.2.1.2 Unit Numbers (DEVCNT)
    - 6.2.1.3 Mapping to Individual Device Structures (DEVPTR and DEVTBL)
  - 6.2.2 Logical Device Names
    - 6.2.2.1 System-Wide Logicals (LOGNAM)
    - 6.2.2.2 User Logicals (USRLOG)
- 6.3 Device Data Blocks (DDB)
- 6.4 General Drive Structure
  - 6.4.1 Driver Index
  - 6.4.2 PSECT Usage
    - 6.4.2.1 Driver Code (xxDVR)
    - 6.4.2.2 Interrupt Dispatch Code (xxDINT)
    - 6.4.2.3 Permanently Mapped Code (xxDISP)
    - 6.4.2.4 Read/Write Data (xxDCTL)
    - 6.4.2.5 Read-Only Data (xxDTBL)
  - 6.4.3 Service Routines and Monitor Dispatch Table
    - 6.4.3.1 Assign (ASN$xx and ASNTBL)
    - 6.4.3.2 Deassign (DEA$xx and DEATBL)
    - 6.4.3.3 Open (OPN$xx and OPNTBL)
    - 6.4.3.4 Close (CLS$xx and CLSTBL)
    - 6.4.3.5 I/O Service (SER$xx and SERTBL)
    - 6.4.3.6 Interrupt Service (INT$xx)
    - 6.4.3.7 Level Three Queue Reentry (nnn$xx)
    - 6.4.3.8 Error Logging (ERL$xx and ERRTBL)
    - 6.4.3.9 Timeout (TMO$xx and TMOTBL)
    - 6.4.3.10 Sleep Check (SLP$xx and SLPTBL)
    - 6.4.3.11 Special Service (SPC$xx and SPCTBL)
    - 6.4.3.12 UNIBUS Mapping Register (UMR$xx and UMRKB)
- 6.5 Additional Monitor Support Tables
  - 6.5.1 Device Dependent Flags (FLGTBL)
  - 6.5.2 Line Width (SIZTBL)
  - 6.5.3 I/O Buffer Size (BUFTBL)
  - 6.5.4 JBWAIT/JBSTAT Status Bits (JSBTBL)
  - 6.5.5 Timeout Counters (TIMTBL)
  - 6.5.6 Control and Status Register Addresses (CSRTBL)
Part III Disk I/O and the File Processor
Chapter 7 Disk Terminology
- 7.1 Disk Types
  - 7.1.1 Public versus Private Disks
  - 7.1.2 File-Structured versus Non-File-Structured Disks
- 7.2 Logical and Virtual Blocks
- 7.3 Clusters
  - 7.3.1 Device Clusters
  - 7.3.2 Pack Clusters
  - 7.3.3 File Clusters
  - 7.3.4 Directory Clusters
  - 7.3.5 Cache Clusters
- 7.4 File Processor Blocks
- 7.5 File Processor Unit Numbers
Chapter 8 On-Disk Structures
- 8.1 Directory Blockettes
  - 8.1.1 File Directory Cluster Map (FDCM)
  - 8.1.2 Attribute Blockettes
  - 8.1.3 Holes
- 8.2 Directory Links
- 8.3 Master File Directory (MFD)
  - 8.3.1 MFD Label Blockette
  - 8.3.2 GFD Device Cluster Numbers
  - 8.3.3 Group Attribute Links
- 8.4 Group File Directories (GFDs)
  - 8.4.1 GFD Label Blockette
  - 8.4.2 UFD Device Cluster Numbers
  - 8.4.3 User Name Blockette Links
  - 8.4.4 User Name Blockette
  - 8.4.5 User Accounting Blockette
- 8.5 User File Directories (UFDs)
  - 8.5.1 UFD Label Blockette
  - 8.5.2 File Name Blockette
  - 8.5.3 File Accounting Blockette
  - 8.5.4 File Retrieval Blockette
- 8.6 Minimal File Structure
  - 8.6.1 Boot Block
  - 8.6.2 Disk Pack Label
  - 8.6.3 Bad Block File
  - 8.6.4 Storage Allocation Table
Chapter 9 The File Processor
- 9.1 Data Structures
  - 9.1.1 FIP Control Area
  - 9.1.2 FIP Request Queue (FIQUE)
  - 9.1.3 FIP Block Sub-block (FBB)
  - 9.1.4 Internal Work Structures
    - 9.1.4.1 Directory Buffer (FIBUF)
    - 9.1.4.2 Disk SAT Buffer (SATBUF)
    - 9.1.4.3 Miscellaneous Data Items
  - 9.1.5 Overlay Structures
    - 9.1.5.1 Overlay Buffer (OVRBUF)
    - 9.1.5.2 Overlay Virtual Addresses (FIPTBL)
    - 9.1.5.3 Overlay Actual Addresses (OVBASE)
  - 9.1.6 File-Related Structures
    - 9.1.6.1 File Control Block (FCB)
    - 9.1.6.2 Window Control Block (WCB)
- 9.2 Overview of Processing
  - 9.2.1 FIP Interface
  - 9.2.2 General Processing
    - 9.2.2.1 Asynchronous Processing
    - 9.2.2.2 Synchronous Processing
  - 9.2.3 Overlay Processing
  - 9.2.4 Directory Searches
  - 9.2.5 Window Turning
Chapter 10 Disk I/O Subsystem
- 10.1 General Structure
- 10.2 Data Structures
  - 10.2.1 Control Tables
    - 10.2.1.1 Unit Count Table (UNTCNT)
    - 10.2.1.2 Unit Cluster and Unit Error Table (UNTCLU/UNTERR)
    - 10.2.1.3 Device Cluster and Cluster Ratio Table (DEVCLU/CLUFAC)
    - 10.2.1.4 Unit Owner and Unit Option Table (UNTOWN/UNTOPT)
    - 10.2.1.5 Disk Index Table (DSKMAP)
    - 10.2.1.6 Unit Size Table (UNTSIZ)
    - 10.2.1.7 Unit Library Table (UNTLIB)
    - 10.2.1.8 SAT Size Table (SATSIZ)
    - 10.2.1.9 SAT Pointer Table (SATPTR)
    - 10.2.1.10 Count of Free Blocks (SATCTL and SATCTM)
    - 10.2.1.11 Start of SAT (SATSTL and SATSTM)
  - 10.2.2 Disk Request Queue Entry Block (DSQ)
- 10.3 Overview of Processing
  - 10.3.1 Logical Disk Processing
  - 10.3.2 Physical Disk Processing
Chapter 11 Caching
- 11.1 Basic Concepts
  - 11.1.1 Extended Buffer Pool (XBUF)
  - 11.1.2 Directory Caching
  - 11.1.3 Data Caching
    - 11.1.3.1 Cache Clusters
    - 11.1.3.2 Caching Modes
- 11.2 Data Structures
  - 11.2.1 Cache Control Area
  - 11.2.2 Cache Tags
  - 11.2.3 Write Cache Tags
- 11.3 Overview of Processing
  - 11.3.1 Directory Cacher (BUF)
  - 11.3.2 Data Cacher (BUFEXT)
Part IV Terminal Service and the Human Interface
Chapter 12 Terminal Service Features and Functions
- 12.1 Supported Hardware Characteristics
  - 12.1.1 Interface Characteristics
    - 12.1.1.1 Synchronous versus Asynchronous Communication
    - 12.1.1.2 Transmission Speeds
    - 12.1.1.3 Parity Checking
    - 12.1.1.4 Modem Control and Ring Values
    - 12.1.1.5 Single Line versus Multiline
  - 12.1.2 Terminal Characteristics
    - 12.1.2.1 Full Duplex versus Local Echo
    - 12.1.2.2 Horizontal Tab Control
    - 12.1.2.3 Form Feed and Vertical Tab Control
    - 12.1.2.4 Lowercase Input
    - 12.1.2.5 Lowercase Output
    - 12.1.2.6 Scope RUBOUT Processing
    - 12.1.2.7 Fill Counts
    - 12.1.2.8 XOFF/XON Synchronization
- 12.2 Software Features
  - 12.2.1 Pseudo-Keyboards
  - 12.2.2 Multiterminal Handling
  - 12.2.3 Echo Control
  - 12.2.4 Escape Sequence Processing
  - 12.2.5 Private Delimiters
  - 12.2.6 Binary Input
  - 12.2.7 Conditional Input
  - 12.2.8 Gagging a Terminal
  - 12.2.9 Suppression of Automatic Carriage Return
  - 12.2.10 Guarded Mode
  - 12.2.11 Processing of Incoming XOFF/XON
  - 12.2.12 Terminal Special Function (.SPEC)
    - 12.2.12.1 Cancel Control-O
    - 12.2.12.2 Set Tape Submode
    - 12.2.12.3 Disable Echo
    - 12.2.12.4 Enable Echo and Clear Tape Submode
    - 12.2.12.5 Enable ODT Submode
    - 12.2.12.6 Cancel All Type Ahead
    - 12.2.12.7 Force Input to Keyboard
    - 12.2.12.8 Broadcast Output to Terminal
    - 12.2.12.9 Private Delimiter Subfunction
  - 12.2.13 FMS Support
  - 12.2.14 RSX Mode Terminal I/O
Chapter 13 Terminal Service Structure
- 13.1 Data Structures
  - 13.1.1 Keyboard Numbers
  - 13.1.2 Standard Terminal Structures
    - 13.1.2.1 Device Data Block (Fixed Portion)
    - 13.1.2.2 Device Data Block (Variable Portion)
    - 13.1.2.3 Monitor-Level Specifications
  - 13.1.3 Pseudo-Keyboard Structures
    - 13.1.3.1 Device Data Block
    - 13.1.3.2 Monitor-Level Specifications
  - 13.1.4 Device Data Block for Detached Jobs
  - 13.1.5 Additional Monitor-Level Data
- 13.2 Processing Overview
  - 13.2.1 Terminal I/O Functions
    - 13.2.1.1 Assign and Deassign Processing
    - 13.2.1.2 Open Processing
    - 13.2.1.3 Close Processing
    - 13.2.1.4 Timeout Processing
    - 13.2.1.5 User I/O Processing
    - 13.2.1.6 Interrupt-Level Processing
    - 13.2.1.7 Special I/O Processing
    - 13.2.1.8 Error Logging and Sleep Checking
  - 13.2.2 Pseudo-Keyboard I/O Functions
    - 13.2.2.1 Open Processing
    - 13.2.2.2 Close Processing
    - 13.2.2.3 User I/O Processing
    - 13.2.2.4 Interrupt-Level Processing
    - 13.2.2.5 Special I/O Processing
    - 13.2.2.6 Sleep Checking
  - 13.2.3 Job-Related Functions
    - 13.2.3.1 Creating a Job
    - 13.2.3.2 Detaching a Job
    - 13.2.3.3 Terminating a Job
Chapter 14 The Human Interface
- 14.1 Keyboard Monitors
  - 14.1.1 Default Keyboard Monitors
  - 14.1.2 Command Environments
- 14.2 Concise Command Language
  - 14.2.1 Data Structures
    - 14.2.1.1 CCL Command Block
    - 14.2.1.2 Core Common String (CORCMN)
  - 14.2.2 System Processing
  - 14.2.3 Rules of Precedence
Part V Shared Common Code
Chapter 15 Run-Time Systems
- 15.1 General Concepts
  - 15.1.1 Primary and Auxiliary Run-Time Systems
  - 15.1.2 Run-Time System Emulators
  - 15.1.3 User-Written Run-Time Systems
- 15.2 Monitor Control Structures
  - 15.2.1 Run-Time System Descriptor Block (RTS)
  - 15.2.2 Disappearing RSX Descriptor Block (NULRTS)
- 15.3 Pseudo-Vector Region
- 15.4 Trap Processing
  - 15.4.1 Synchronous Trap Processing
    - 15.4.1.1 Special EMT Prefix Feature
  - 15.4.2 Asynchronous Trap Processing
- 15.5 Entry Points
Chapter 16 Resident Libraries
- 16.1 General Concepts
  - 16.1.1 Library Mapping Within the User Job
  - 16.1.2 Installing a Library
  - 16.1.3 Program Access
  - 16.1.4 Position Independent Code
- 16.2 Program Logical Address Space (PLAS) Directives
- 16.3 Monitor Control Structures
  - 16.3.1 Resident Library Descriptor Block (LIB)
  - 16.3.2 Window Descriptor Block (WDB)
Part VI System Generation and Initialization
Chapter 17 System Generation
- 17.1 Tailoring the SYSGEN System
- 17.2 Generating the Target System
  - 17.2.1 Copying the Required Files
  - 17.2.2 Determining the Target System Configuration
  - 17.2.3 Assembling and Linking the Monitor Components
  - 17.2.4 System Generation During Normal Timesharing
- 17.3 Tailoring the Target System
- 17.4 Building the System Library
Chapter 18 System Initialization
- 18.1 General Structure
- 18.2 Data Structures
  - 18.2.1 Device Index Numbers
  - 18.2.2 Parameter Buffers
  - 18.2.3 Hardware Configuration Tables
    - 18.2.3.1 Device Scan Table (DEVTBL)
    - 18.2.3.2 Standard CSR Locations (CSRDEC)
    - 18.2.3.3 Floating Bus Address Table (FLTBA)
    - 18.2.3.4 Nonstandard CSR Addresses (SETTBL)
    - 18.2.3.5 Actual CSR Addresses (CSRTBL)
    - 18.2.3.6 Vector Addresses (VECTBL)
    - 18.2.3.7 Device Characteristics (TYPTBL)
    - 18.2.3.8 Unit Media Overrides (UMIDST)
    - 18.2.3.9 Miscellaneous Hardware (HWTABL)
    - 18.2.3.10 Device Status Table (DSTABL)
  - 18.2.4 Mini-FIP Tables
    - 18.2.4.1 Disk Characteristics Tables
    - 18.2.4.2 Boot Memory
    - 18.2.4.3 Mini-FIP Control Area
- 18.3 Processing Overview
  - 18.3.1 Secondary Bootstrap
  - 18.3.2 Autosizing Code
  - 18.3.3 Main Program Segment
  - 18.3.4 Physical I/O Routines
  - 18.3.5 Logical I/O Routines (Mini-FIP)
- 18.4 Option Processing
  - 18.4.1 Initializing a RSTS/E Disk (DSKINT)
  - 18.4.2 Copying System Files to Disk (COPY)
  - 18.4.3 Patching the System Software (PATCH)
  - 18.4.4 Installing a Save-Image Library (INSTAL)
  - 18.4.5 Changing System Files (REFRSH)
  - 18.4.6 Specifying the Hardware Configuration (HARDWR)
  - 18.4.7 Setting System Default Parameters (DEFALT)
  - 18.4.8 Changing Device Characteristics (SET)
  - 18.4.9 Starting Timesharing (START)
  - 18.4.10 Bootstrapping a Device (BOOT)
  - 18.4.11 Invoking Save/Restore (SAVRES)

Company:	Digital Equipment Corporation
Part:	AA-CL35A-TE
Date:	1984-09
Keywords:
Operating System:	RSTS/E Version 8.0

Address:	http://bitsavers.org/pdf/dec/pdp11/rsts_e/V08/AA-CL35A-TE_8.0intern_Sep84.pdf
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Address:	http://elvira.stacken.kth.se/rstsdoc/rsts-doc-v80/extra/AA-CL35A_RSTS8.0_Internals.pdf
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RSTS/E V8.0 Internals Manual

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