This chapter summarizes the ASCII escape and control Sequences that the VT510
recognizes when it is operating in its ASCII emulation modes.
12.1 ASCII Communications
Table 12–1 lists the serial port control functions for each mode. The word "same"
in Table 12–1 signifies the same control sequence as the WYSE 160/60 column.
12.2 Terminal Management
Table 12–2 lists the terminal management control functions. The word "same" in
Table 12–2 signifies the same control sequence as in the WYSE 160/60 column.
12.3 Keyboard Processing
Table 12–3 lists the keyboard processing control functions. The word "same" in
Table 12–3 signifies the same control sequences as in the WYSE 160/60 column.
Table 12–4 lists the redefinable keys.
Table 12–4 Redefinable Keys
Emulation |
Redefinable Keys |
WYSE 160/60, WYSE 150/120, WYSE 50+, TVI925, and TVI 910 |
Unshifted |
Shifted |
VT Keyboard |
EPC Keyboard |
SP |
% |
|
ESC |
! |
& |
Tab |
Tab |
" |
' |
Backspace |
Backspace |
# |
( |
Remove |
|
$ |
) |
Return |
Enter |
* |
/ |
Select |
Home |
+ |
0 |
⇑ |
⇑ |
, |
1 |
⇓ |
⇓ |
- |
2 |
⇐ |
⇐ |
. |
3 |
⇒ |
⇒ |
s |
4 |
Enter |
Enter (keypad) |
q |
p |
PF4 |
Insert |
r |
w |
|
Page Down |
} |
z |
PF3 |
|
5 |
6 |
PF2 |
Delete |
7 |
8 |
PF1 |
|
R |
X |
|
Print Screen |
: |
; |
|
Page Up |
\ |
] |
|
End |
Q |
W |
F17 |
|
S |
Y |
F18 |
|
T |
Z |
F19 |
|
P |
V |
F20 |
|
TVI 950 |
Fkey |
Fkey |
VT Keyboard |
Enhanced PC Keyboard |
1 |
< |
F1 |
F1 |
2 |
= |
F2 |
F2 |
3 |
> |
F3 |
F3 |
4 |
? |
F4 |
F4 |
5 |
@ |
F5 |
F5 |
6 |
A |
F6 |
F6 |
7 |
B |
F7 |
F7 |
8 |
C |
F8 |
F8 |
9 |
D |
F9 |
F9 |
: |
E |
F10 |
F10 |
; |
F |
F11 |
F11 |
G |
L |
F12 |
F12 |
H |
M |
F13 |
|
I |
N |
F14 |
|
J |
O |
F15 |
|
K |
P |
F16 |
|
WYSE 160/60 PCTerm |
Fkey Unshifted |
VT Keyboard |
EPC Keyboard |
1 |
! |
F1 |
F1 |
2 |
@ |
F2 |
F2 |
3 |
# |
F3 |
F3 |
4 |
$ |
F4 |
F4 |
5 |
% |
F5 |
F5 |
6 |
^ |
F6 |
F6 |
7 |
& |
F7 |
F7 |
8 |
* |
F8 |
F8 |
9 |
( |
F9 |
F9 |
0 |
) |
F10 |
F10 |
12.4 Screen Processing
Table 12–5 lists the screen processing control functions. The word "same" in
Table 12–5 signifies the same control sequences as in the WYSE 160/60 column.
Table 12–6 lists the data protection control functions. The word "same" in
Table 12–6 signifies the same control sequences as in the WYSE 160/60 column.
Table 12–7 lists the cursor control functions. The word "same" in Table 12–7
signifies the same control sequences as in the WYSE 160/60 column.
Note
The terminal responds to the Read Cursor command in the following
format: lll R ccc C
The two parameter values, lll and ccc, are the 3-byte decimal values for
the line/column location of the cursor. For example, "019R010C" indicates
the cursor is at line 19, column 10. The sequence with parameters "001"
(3/0)(3/0)(3/1) and "001" (3/0)(3/0)(3/1) indicates the cursor is at the home
position.
Table 12–8 lists the ASCII editing control functions. The word "same" in
Table 12–8, Table 12–10, and Table 12–11 signify the same control sequences as
in the WYSE 160/60 column.
Table 12–8 ASCII Editing Control Functions
Local Edit Mode |
WYSE |
TVI |
ADDS |
160/60 |
PCTerm |
150/120 |
WY 50+ |
950 |
925 |
910+ |
A2 |
Off1 (default) |
ESC l |
n/a |
same |
same |
same |
same |
same |
n/a |
On2 |
ESC k |
n/a |
same |
same |
same |
same |
same |
n/a |
1Duplex Edit Mode On.
2Duplex Edit Mode Off. |
In local edit mode, instead of sending keycodes to the host, some function keys
send codes directly to the terminal to speed up the editing process. Table 12–9
lists these local edit functions and their operating keys for both the VT keyboard
and the Enhanced PC keyboard.
Table 12–9 Local Edit Mode Function Keys
Function |
VT Keyboard |
EPC Keyboard |
Sequence |
Insert Character |
PF1 |
|
ESC Q |
Insert Line |
Shifted PF1 |
|
ESC E |
Delete Character |
PF2 |
Delete |
ESC W |
Delete Line |
Shifted PF2 |
Shifted Delete |
ESC R |
Clear Line |
PF3 |
End |
ESC T |
Clear Screen |
Shifted PF3 |
Shifted End |
ESC Y |
Insert |
|
Insert |
ESC q |
Replace |
|
Shifted Insert |
ESC r |
Next Page |
|
Page Down |
ESC K |
Previous Page |
|
Page Up |
ESC J |
Send |
|
|
ESC 7 |
Print |
|
Print |
ESC P |
Home |
|
Shift Home |
ESC { |
Tab |
|
Shift Tab |
ESC I |
Table 12–10 lists the tab stop control functions.
Table 12–11 lists the page edit control functions.
Table 12–12 lists the rectangle area control functions.
12.5 Printing/Sending Data
This section describes commands to print and send data.
12.5.1 Sending Data
This section describes commands to send a defined area of data on the screen
through the main communication port using ASCII control functions. Individual
commands address the specific data to be sent.
In send operations, delimiter characters are sent along with data to mark a line
end, transfer complete, or the protect data and its area. Table 12–13 lists the
possible delimiter types. Depending on the scope of data (line, page) and the type
of data (protected, unprotected) that has been sent, different delimiter characters
are enclosed. The individual commands explain which delimiter should be sent
with each command.
Table 12–13 lists the types of delimiters to send data.
Table 12–13 Send Data Delimiters
Delimiter Type |
Sent . . . |
End of the line |
At the end of each line but not at the end of the page (block). |
Transfer complete |
After each Send Data action, except for a "Send the Cursor
Character" command. |
Field separator |
To take the position of the protected field data when "Send
Unprotected" command is executed and Protect mode is on. |
Start protect field and End protect field |
To mark the beginning and the ending of a write-protected field
of data when Protect mode is on. |
All the send data actions in this section, except "Send the Cursor Character"
command, use the following rules:
- The attributes are not sent along with their data. But a Space character (Hex
20) is inserted between two distinct attribute data to indicate the attribute
difference.
- During the process of sending characters, the cursor moves to the location of
the character being sent.
- Protect mode on: The cursor does not move.
- Protect mode off: The cursor moves to the left margin of the next line.
- Null characters on the screen are not sent.
- Delimiter characters:
- TVI modes and WYSE 160/60 PCTerm modes: Defined by command
"Define Delimiters" (Refer to the command for details.)
- Other personalities: See Table 12–14.
Table 12–14 Delimiters for Other Personalities
Delimiter |
Terminal sends... |
End of line |
Either "US" or "CRLF" depending on the Set-Up Block End selection. |
End of transmission |
Either "CR" or "ETX" depending on the Set-Up Block End selection. |
Protected field |
A single FS (Hex 1C). |
Protected field separator |
Native mode: "ESC )" and "ESC (" when the protect field
attribute is Dim or Normal;
"ESC )sp" and "ESC (sp" when the protect field attribute
is any other combination.
Other modes: "ESC )" and "ESC (" |
- If any line on the screen is locked, then the line is not sent; however, the end
of line delimiter is still sent to indicate a line has been skipped.
- If the first character sent is a protected character, then the ESC ) sequence
is not sent before the first character; if the last character sent is a protected
character, then the ESC ( sequence is not sent before the terminator.
- If the cursor position is located at the right margin of the bottom margin line
and the Protect mode is off:
Autopage |
Autoscroll |
Page Mode |
Cursor moves to . . . |
On |
– |
Single |
Home position of the active page. |
On |
– |
Multiple |
Home position of the other page. |
Off |
On |
Multiple |
Left margin of the bottom line after a scroll is performed. |
Off |
Off |
Multiple |
Home position of the active page. |
Table 12–15 lists the print/send control functions.
ASCII emulations do not send:
- Initialization codes
- Ending sequences to designated character sets and display attributes
- "Fallbacks" to represent data that cannot be printed by the attached printer
The only factors that affect printing data are data and parity settings.
Data/Parity Setting |
Characters are printed . . . |
8-bit |
As is |
7-bit |
After stripping off the most significant bit |
Notes
- Note on Mark Block Ending:
- Replace mode on: "STX" or "ETX" replaces the existing
character at the active position and moves the cursor right one
position.
- Insert mode on: Writing "STX" or "ETX" moves all characters
and their attributes one position to the right of the cursor position
(inclusive) in the current line without wraparound.
- Note on Send Block:
- Protect mode on: Unprotected data is sent as is; protected
data, enveloped between "start of protect field" and "end of protect
field" delimiters, is sent.
- Protect mode off: All the data in the range, protected or
unprotected, is sent.
Table 12–16 lists the printing data control functions.
12.5.2 Graphics Characters
Table 12–17 lists the graphic characters.
With Graphics mode on, all received codes in the range of 00 to 7E are displayed
as characters in the range of Hex 00 to Hex 1F in the same character set.
This is done by stripping off the highest 3 bits of the code. For example:
Receiving . . . |
Displays . . . |
21, 41, or 61 (Hex) |
01 (Hex) character |
2C, 4C, or 6C (Hex) |
0C (Hex) character |
31, 51, or 71 (Hex) |
11 (Hex) character |
Most character sets in ASCII emulation contain characters in the range of Hex
00 and Hex 1F. For example, the Native character set contains 16 line-drawing
graphics characters from Hex 10 to Hex 1F and 16 CRM characters from Hex 00
to 0F. But in most of the cases, Hex codes 00 to 1F are treated as control codes.
To display these graphic characters, Graphic mode has to be turned on.
When the Graphic mode is on, new characters entered have normal attributes
regardless of the state of the Write-Protect mode attribute. With Protect mode on,
all the entered characters, except CRM characters, are protected.
To design a character font, see Chapter 13.