The purpose of this Appendix is to catalog all of the Ambassador's controls and modes for reference.
The Code Table section catalogs the Ambassador's controls, by code, in three tables: Control codes, Escape sequences, and Control sequences. These tables define the total code space used, and recognized, by the Ambassador.
The Descriptions section catalogs the Ambassador's controls and modes alphabetically by their ANSI (or private-use) mnemonic. The Ambassador's private-use controls and modes are identified by a leading lower-case 'z'; see User Guide, Introduction. We have chosen to ignore the leading 'z' in the alphabetic sort, e.g. zDBM follows DAQ and precedes DC1.
The Ambassador's modes are also listed in two other places. In the Descriptions section, under the SM (Set Mode) control, they are listed by mode number. In the Setup section of the User Guide, they are listed by Setup line location.
| Controls: | |
|---|---|
| By mnemonic | Appendix, Descriptions |
| By code | Appendix, Control Tables |
| Modes: | |
| By mnemonic | Appendix, Descriptions |
| By mode number | Appendix, Descriptions, SM (Set Mode) |
| By Setup line | Setup section |
The notation used in the Appendix is consistent with that used in the other sections; see User Guide, Introduction, Notational Conventions.
The ASCII character set consists of single codes in the range 0/0 to 7/15 inclusive. The full character set is shown in the table.
Column 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Row ----------------------------------------
0 | NUL DLE SP 0 @ P ` p
1 | SOH DC1 ! 1 A Q a q
2 | STX DC2 " 2 B R b r
3 | ETX DC3 # 3 C S c s
4 | EOT DC4 $ 4 D T d t
5 | ENQ NAK % 5 E U e u
6 | ACK SYN & 6 F V f v
7 | BEL ETB ' 7 G W g w
8 | BS CAN ( 8 H X h x
9 | HT EM ) 9 I Y i y
10 | LF SUB * : J Z j z
11 | VT ESC + ; K [ k {
12 | FF FS , < L \ l |
13 | CR GS - = M ] m }
14 | SO RS . > N ^ n ~
15 | SI US / ? O _ o DELThe ASCII control characters are single codes in the range 0/0 to 1/15 inclusive. The Ambassador responds to the control characters shown in the table. It ignores all others.
Column 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Row ---------------------------------------- 0 | . DC1 . . . . . . 1 | . . . . . . . . 2 | . DC3 . . . . . . 3 | ETX . . . . . . . 4 | . . . . . . . . 5 | ENQ . . . . . . . 6 | . . . . . . . . 7 | BEL . . . . . . . 8 | BS . . . . . . . 9 | HT . . . . . . . 10 | LF . . . . . . . 11 | VT ESC . . . . . . 12 | FF . . . . . . . 13 | CR . . . . . . . 14 | . . . . . . . . 15 | . . . . . . . .
Valid Ambassador escape sequences are two-code sequences having the form, ESC F. The Ambassador responds to escape sequences with the final character shown in the table. It ignores all others.
Column 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Row ---------------------------------------- 0 | . . . . . DCS DMI . 1 | . . . . . . INT . 2 | . . . . . . EMI . 3 | . . . . . STS RIS . 4 | . . . . IND . . . 5 | . . . zTFC NEL . . . 6 | . . . zTI SSA SPA . . 7 | . . . zSC ESA EPA . . 8 | . . . zRC HTS . . . 9 | . . . zCGR HTJ . . . 10 | . . . zGUA . . . . 11 | . . . . . CSI . . 12 | . . . . . ST . . 13 | . . . . RI . . . 14 | . . . . . . . . 15 | . . . . . . . .
Valid Ambassador control sequences are multi-code sequences having the form, CSI P...P F. The Ambassador responds to control sequences with the final character shown in the table. It ignores all others. Caution: A semicolon (3/11) must be used to separate parameters in multiple parameter control sequences.
Column 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Row ---------------------------------------- 0 | . . . . ICH DCH HPA zSDP 1 | . . . . CUU SEE HPR . 2 | . . . . CUD CPR REP . 3 | . . . . CUF SU DA zPSH 4 | . . . . CUB SD VPA zPOP 5 | . . . . CNL . VPR zSTP 6 | . . . . CPL . HVP zSRC 7 | . . . . CHA CTC TBC zSPF 8 | . . . . CUP ECH SM . 9 | . . . . CHT . MC . 10 | . . . . ED CBT . zSTE 11 | . . . . EL . . . 12 | . . . . IL . RM . 13 | . . . . DL . SGR . 14 | . . . . EF . DSR . 15 | . . . . EA . DAQ .
The Ambassador's controls and modes are described below, arranged alphabetically by mnemonic (with the leading lower-case z ignored). For more descriptions, the Setup line letter and mode number are shown in parentheses following the mode name. A dash (-) indicates that the mode is not provided on a Setup line.
The Ambassador provides two separate and independent sets of registers for cursor position and graphic rendition. This mode selects which set is referenced and affected by the incoming data stream.
In the RESET state, the incoming stream references and affects the Primary registers. Significant characteristics of the Primary cursor are: (1) Its position is confined to the Page. (2) Its position (in the Window) is noted with a visible cursor symbol. (3) Erase and edit operations with the Primary cursor affect only the contents of the Page.
In the SET state, the incoming data stream references and affects the Alternate registers. Significant characteristics of the Alternate cursor are: (1) It can access all of Display Memory, including the Host Areas and Inactive Memory. (2) Its position is not visible, even if writing into the Window. (3) Erase and edit operations affect all of Display Memory. (4) Controls that require a line number parameter may require a different parameter value depending on which cursor is used. Address 1 of the Primary cursor points to the top line of the Page; address 1 of the Alternate cursor points to the top line of Display Memory. These may differ by the number of lines of Upper Host Area. (5) The zSDP control, or any editing control that would move data below the Page, may not be used with the Alternate cursor.
During Monitor SRM, the operator is restricted to the Primary cursor, regardless of the state of zACM. The host may use the Alternate cursor to write to the terminal without interrupting the operator. Host entries into the Page may be affected by operator actions (e.g. erase, edit, scroll); DMI may be used to prevent this interaction. Likewise, host actions in or above the Page may affect the contents of the Page.
In the RESET state, the keyboard is immediately enabled upon completion of transmissions from the terminal's Display Memory to the host.
In the SET state, an implicit DMI control is performed at the completion of transmission, causing the keyboard to remain disabled until purposefully released by the host with an EMI control.
In the RESET state, typing the PAUSE key causes the terminal to suspend the processing of data from its received-data FIFO buffer. When the FIFO becomes nearly full, an XOFF control is sent to the host to suspend further transmission of data. When the PAUSE key is typed again, the terminal resumes the processing of data from the FIFO. When the FIFO becomes nearly empty, an XON control is sent to the host to resume the transmission of data.
In the SET state, the processing of data from the FIFO is normally suspended. Typing the PAUSE key causes the terminal to process and display a single line of data from the FIFO. Typing SHIFT-PAUSE causes the terminal to process and display (two lines less than) a window-full of data from the FIFO. As in the reset state, XOFF and XON controls are sent to the host to avoid FIFO overflow.
In either state, typing CTRL-PAUSE sets zAPM. Typing CTRL-SHIFT-PAUSE resets zAPM. If zAXM is in the reset state, or if the host continues to send data despite receiving an XOFF, the terminal automatically resumes processing to avoid FIFO overflow.
In the RESET state, the terminal is not permitted to send XOFF and XON controls to the host.
In the SET state, the terminal is permitted to send an XOFF control to the host to indicate that its received-data FIFO buffer is nearly full. The host is expected to suspend further transmission to the terminal until the terminal sends an XON control (indicating that the FIFO is nearly empty). The FIFO is a 256-character buffer. An XOFF is sent when the FIFO fills to 128 characters. A second XOFF is sent (in case the first was garbled) if the FIFO continues to fill to 160 characters. If the FIFO continues to fill to 224 characters, the terminal takes action to avoid loss of data; specifically, FIFO processing is resumed, Local Copy is terminated, and zSSM is reset.
Causes an audible bell tone to sound.
In the RESET state, the Underline rendition of the character at the cursor is complemented. If the character is rendered without Underline, the cursor is displayed as an Underline. If the character is rendered with the Underline, the cursor is displayed as the absence of Underline.
In the SET state, the Reverse rendition of the character at the cursor is complemented. If the character is rendered as a 'white' character on a black field, the cursor is displayed as a 'white' field with black character. If the character is rendered as a black character on a 'white' field, the cursor is displayed as a black field with 'white' character.
In the RESET state, the cursor is displayed Bold and non-Blinking.
In the SET state, the cursor is displayed Bold and Blinking. The character at the cursor is alternated, at the blink rate, between its rendition at the cursor position and its rendition when not at the cursor position.
Moves the cursor left one column. If zDBM is set, it also erases the character at that position. The rendition erased to depends on the setting of the GR-register; see SGR. If zWBM is set, the cursor may wrap to the preceding line. If zACM is reset, the cursor may not move past the beginning of the Page.
ESC [ Pn Z)Moves the cursor left Pn tab stops. If zWBM is set, the cursor may wrap to preceding lines. If zACM is reset, the cursor may not move past the beginning of the Page.
ESC 9)Changes the graphic rendition of the character at the cursor, and all following characters in the active Qualified Area (see DAQ), to that specified by the present setting of the GR-register; see SGR.
ESC [ Pn G)Positions the cursor to column Pn in the active line. The cursor may not move past the line margins. This control is equivalent to HPA in the Ambassador implementation.
ESC [ Pn I)Moves the cursor right Pn tab stops. If zWFM is set, the cursor may wrap to following lines. If zACM is reset, the cursor may not move past the end of the Page.
This mode is applicable only to the 26 alphabetic keys with the CAPS LOCK key depressed.
In the RESET state, the keys generate upper-case codes, both unshifted and shifted.
In the SET state, the keys generate upper-case codes, unshifted, and lower-case codes, shifted.
ESC [ Pn E)Moves the cursor down Pn lines to the beginning of line. If zACM is reset, the cursor may not move past the bottom of the Page.
In the RESET state, entry or receipt of a CR (0/13) code moves the cursor to the beginning of the active line.
In the SET state, entry or receipt of a CR code moves the cursor to the beginning of the next line.
ESC [ Pn F)Moves the cursor up Pn lines to beginning of line. If zACM is reset, the cursor may not move past the top of the Page.
ESC [ Pn1 ; Pn2 R)Format for the report of cursor position. The parameters are the same
as used by the CUP and HVP controls, i.e. line Pn1, column Pn2. The report
is solicited with the DSR control, ESC [ 6 n. The position reported
is that of the Primary cursor regardless of the state of zACM.
Moves the cursor to the beginning of the active line. If zCNM is set, it also does an implicit LF. If zCNM is set, zSPM and zACM are reset, and the cursor is in the bottom line of the Page, it does a scroll up of all data in the Page (losing the contents of the top line).
ESC [)Introduces a control sequence.
In the RESET state, columnar tab stops do not cause HT (0/9) codes to be inserted into transmissions from the terminal's Display Memory to the host.
In the SET state, an HT code is inserted at each columnar tab stop. All spaces (2/0) immediately preceding the tab stop are suppressed in the transmission.
ESC [ Ps W)Sets or clears tab stops as selected by Ps:
| 0 | Sets a tab stop at the cursor (default) |
| 2 | Clears the tab stop at the cursor |
| 4 | Clears all tab stops in the active line |
| 5 | Clears all tab stops |
If TSM is reset, only columnar tab stops are affected. If TSM is set, page tab stops are affected; see DAQ. This control is equivalent to HTS in setting tab stops. It is equivalent to TBC (in function, but not in parameter values) in clearing tab stops.
ESC [ Pn D)Moves the cursor left Pn columns. If zWBM is set, the cursor may wrap to preceding lines. If zACM is reset, the cursor may not move past the beginning of the Page.
ESC [ Pn B)Moves the cursor down Pn lines. If zACM is reset, the cursor may not move past the bottom of the Page.
ESC [ Pn C)Moves the cursor right Pn columns. If zWFM is set, the cursor may wrap to following lines. If zACM is reset, the cursor may not move past the end of the Page.
ESC [ Pn1 ; Pn2 H)Positions the cursor to line Pn1, column Pn2. If zACM is reset, Pn1 references the beginning of Page and the cursor may not move outside the Page boundaries. If zACM is set, Pn1 references the beginning of Active Memory. This control is equivalent to HVP in the Ambassador implementation.
ESC [ Pn A)Moves the cursor up Pn lines. If zACM is reset, the cursor may not move past the top of the Page.
ESC [ Pn c)Provides a means for communicating device identification. The host may
request the terminal to identify itself by sending the default control
(ESC [ c). The terminal responds with a DA control containing a device
identification parameter. In the Ambassador implementation, this is the
release-revision-option number of the terminal's firmware. For example,
the parameter value 01;17;00 says that the unit is an Ambassador (=01),
revision 17, with no options (=00). (The release number of the Genie is
05; the release number of the Genie Plus is 06.) An alternative string
may be down-loaded from the host with the DCS control.
ESC [ Ps..Ps o)Sets an Area Qualifier at the present cursor position, starting a Qualified Area, and assigning control attributes to it as selected by each Ps:
If the first character in the parameter string is a > (3/14), the string is interpreted as a private-use parameter string supporting the standard parameters above, plus the following:
The Area Qualifiers are stored in a control table indexed by character position. If any Area Qualifier has been set, a Forms flag is set, and the Display Processor references the table as part ofprocessing its input. If the input is a local keyboard input, (i.e. from the Keystroke buffer), the Display Processor references the table for each input. If the input is received from the host (i.e. from the FIFO buffer), the Display Processor references the table only when it receives one of the tab controls, HT, CHT, CBT, or HTJ.
The table can hold up to 380 Area Qualifiers. However, there must be at least one entry in the table for each of 60 display lines, i.e. the table capacity is reduced by 60 minus the number of lines that contain no Qualifiers.
The control SPA is equivalent to DAQ with a parameter value of 1. The control EPA is equivalent to DAQ with a parameter value of 7.
If TSM is set, the controls HTS, TBC, and CTC set and clear the tab stop attribute in Area Qualifiers without changing other qualifications. Setting a tab stop adds the attribute to an existing Area Qualifier, or sets a new Area Qualifier (having the same qualifications as the preceding Qualifier). Clearing tab stops removes the attribute from the Area Qualifiers affected. If adjacent Area Qualifiers are left with the same qualification, the second Qualifier is removed.
If ERM is set, the controls EA, EF, EL, ED, and ECH remove Area Qualifiers from the region affected.
The Forms flag comes up reset at power-on. It is set by the first occurrence of any of the controls DAQ, SPA, EPA, or HTS (with TSM set). It may be reset by RIS, by erasing the entire Page with ERM set, or by zSDP (which permits clearing the form without erasing the Page); see Forms section.
In the RESET state, the BS (0/8) control causes the cursor to move left one column.
In the SET state, the BS control causes the cursor to move left one column and to erase the character at that position.
Sets the Communications Ready Flag (CRF) in the terminal's communications interface. If CRF is set, AND the Clear-to-Send (CTS) input signal at the communications connector is 'on' (or open), this control enables data to be transmitted from the terminal's Display Memory to the host; see STS.
Resets the Communications Ready Flag (CRF) in the terminal's communications interface. This control may be used by the host to prohibit or suspend the transmission of data from the terminal's Display Memory to the host. CRF is set at power-on. The host may reset it by sending the DC3 control, or condition the terminal to reset CRF automatically after transmitting each line of data; see zLTM. The host may re-enable or re-start the transmission by sending the DC1 control.
ESC [ Pn P)Deletes Pn characters, starting with the character at the cursor, by shifting the remaining characters in the editing region to the left. The position of the cursor is not changed. Character positions vacated at the end of the editing region are erased. The rendition erased to is determined by the setting of the GR-register; see SGR. The extent of the editing region is determined by the setting of the EE-register; see SEE. If zACM is set, the control may not be used with an EE setting of zero (i.e. to end of Page).
ESC P)Indicates the beginning of a device control string. A device control string is a string of graphic codes 2/0 (Sp) to 7/14 (~) inclusive, starting with the first character after the DCS control and terminating with the ST control. The DCS control is used by the Ambassador to pass programming information to the terminal; see Programmable Strings section.
In the RESET state, the DEL (7/15) code is ignored by the terminal.
In the SET state, the DEL code is accepted by the terminal as a valid graphic character and displayed as a block symbol.
ESC [ Pn M)Deletes the contents of Pn lines, starting with the active line, by shifting the following lines upward. The position of the cursor is not changed. Lines vacated at the end of the Page are erased. The rendition erased to is determined by the setting of the GR-register; see SGR. If zACM is set, the control may not be used.
ESC `)Sets KAM, which causes the keyboard to be disabled, except for the RESET, SETUP, and BREAK keys. These keys may be disabled by programming them with a null string. When the keyboard is disabled, key entry is inhibited (attempted entries result in an error 'beep') and the cursor is not displayed.
ESC [ Ps n)Provides a means for communicating device status or cursor position. The host may request the terminal for status by sending the DSR control with a parameter value of 5. The terminal responds with the DSR control with a parameter value of 0 or 1, as follows:
| 0 | Ready (default) |
| 1 | Busy – retry later |
| 5 | Please report status (using a DSR control) |
| 6 | Please report cursor position (using a CPR control) |
The busy response (ESC [ 1 n) means that a Page Print or Local Copy to
the printr (see MC) is in progress and the screen should not be
cleared. If the host's request contains a > (3/14), preceding the 5
(3/5), the busy response is not returned. Rather, the terminal suspends
further processing from its FIFO until the print has been completed, and
then returns a ready response (ESC [ n).
ESC [ Ps o)Erases some or all of the characters in the active Qualified Area as selected by Ps:
| 0 | From cursor to end inclusive (default) |
| 1 | From start to cursor inclusive |
| 2 | All of the Qualified Area |
The rendition erased to is determined by the setting of the GR-register; see SGR. If ERM is set, protected characters may be erased, a page tab stop may be cleared, and the Qualified Area may be removed; see DAQ.
ESC [ Pn X)Erases the following Pn characters, starting with the character at the cursor. The rendition erased to is determined by the setting of the GR-register; see SGR. If ERM is set, protected characters may be erased, page tab stops may be cleared, and Qualified Areas may be removed; see DAQ.
ESC [ Ps J)Erases some or all of the characters in the Page as selected by Ps:
| 0 | From cursor to end inclusive (default) |
| 1 | From start to cursor inclusive |
| 2 | All of the Page |
The rendition erased to is determined by the setting of the GR-register; see SGR. If ERM is set, protected characters may be erased, page tab stops may be cleared, and Qualified Areas may be removed; see DAQ.
ESC [ Ps N)Erases some or all of the characters in the active field as selected by Ps:
| 0 | From cursor to end inclusive (default) |
| 1 | From start to cursor inclusive |
| 2 | All of the field |
The rendition erased to is determined by the setting of the GR-register; see SGR. If ERM is set, protected characters may be erased, page tab stops may be cleared, and Qualified Areas may be removed; see DAQ.
ESC [ Ps K)Erases some or all of the characters in the active line as selected by Ps:
| 0 | From cursor to end inclusive (default) |
| 1 | From start to cursor inclusive |
| 2 | All of the line |
The rendition erased to is determined by the setting of the GR-register; see SGR. If ERM is set, protected characters may be erased, page tab stops may be cleared, and Qualified Areas may be removed; see DAQ.
ESC b)Resets KAM, which causes the keyboard to become enabled, and re-positions the operator's window if necessary to contain the cursor.
Causes the terminal to transmit a character string previously downloaded from the host with the DCS control. If no string has been downloaded, the control is ignored.
ESC W)Sets an Area Qualifier with unprotected and tab stop attributes. This control is equivalent to a DAQ control with a parameter value of 7.
In the RESET state, the controls EA, EF, EL, ED and ECH do not erase characters in protected Qualified Areas. They cannot affect the position of tab stops or Qualified Areas.
In the SET state, these controls erase characters regardless of their protected status, and may clear page tab stops and remove Qualified Areas; see DAQ.
ESC G)Writes an ESA symbol (backward-pointing triangle) at the cursor position. The ESA symbol is the end of a string of consecutive characters selected for subsequent transmission to the host or printer (see SATM, MATM). The beginning of the string is identified by an SSA symbol. The ESA symbol (and its control function) may be erased by erase controls, moved by edit controls, and is included in transmissions. The symbol is transmitted to the host as its escape sequence. It is transmitted to the printer as a Space (2/0) code.
Introduces an escape sequence.
If received in the data stream following a zSRC control with a zero or default parameter, this control indicates the end of the data to be printed and terminates the Remote Copy operation. It is ignored otherwise.
In the RESET state, line separators are inserted into all transmissions from the terminal's Display Memory to the host. A separator is inserted at the end of each line from which characters have been transmitted. All spaces (2/0) immediately preceding the line separators are suppressed in the transmission. LNM selects CRLF (LNM reset) or LF (LNM set) as the line separator.
In the SET state, line separators are not inserted into transmissions to the host.
This control is equivalent to LF (0/10) in the Ambassador implementation except that, if it is received with Local Copy on (see MC), the line that it terminates is tagged both to be printed and as end of (printed) page. When the line has been transferred to the printer, the terminal issues the necessary number of new-line codes (or an FF-code, if the Form Feed setting on Setup line C has been selected) to advance the paper to the top of the next page.
In the RESET state, the keys PF1-12 come up in a disabled state at power-on (i.e. they generate no codes).
In the SET state, the keys PF1-12 generate the sequences ESC O A through
ESC O L respectively. With SHIFT depressed, they generate the sequences
ESC O M through ESC O X respectively.
This mode is significant only if zKRM is set.
In the RESET state, the key repeat rate is approximately 22 char/sec.
In the SET state, the key repeat rate is approximately 30 char/sec.
In the RESET state, page tab stops do not cause HT (0/9) codes to be inserted into transmissions from the terminal's Display Memory to the host.
In the SET state, an HT code is inserted at each page tab stop. All spaces (2/0) immediately preceding the tab stop are suppressed in the transmission.
In the RESET state, characters located in guarded Qualified Areas (see DAQ) are printedd as space (2/0) codes.
In the SET state, characters are printed regardless of their guarded qualification.
In the RESET state, characters located in guarded Qualified Areas (see DAQ) are not included in transmissions to the host.
In the SET state, characters are transmitted regardless of their guarded qualification.
In the RESET state, no SGR controls are inserted into transmissions to the host.
In the SET state, an SGR control is inserted at the beginning of transmission, to convey the rendition of the initial position, and thereafter at each change in rendition.
ESC :)Causes all unprotected Qualified Areas in the Page (see SPA, EPA, DAQ) to be guarded against transmission. Thereafter, any operator entry into a Qualified Area causes that area to become unguarded. May be used in conjunction with field separators (see zFSTM), to provide for transmission of only areas actually modified.
This mode is applicable only to keyboard input during Monitor SRM.
In the RESET state, when the operator enters a graphic character into the last character position of an unprotected Qualified Area (see SPA, EPA, DAQ), or uses the RIGHT-ARROW key at that position, the cursor auto-skips forward to the beginning of the next unprotected Area.
In the SET state, the cursor remains at that position, requiring use of the TAB key to advance to the next page tab stop.
This mode applies to all keyboard inputs in Simultaneous SRM. In Monitor SRM, it applies only to inputs from keys programmed as Transmit-only by the DCS control.
In the RESET state, keyboard inputs are sent only to the host.
In the SET state, keyboard inputs are sent to the host and are echoed back locally within the terminal's communication interface.
ESC [ Pn `)Positions the cursor to column Pn in the active line. The cursor may not move past the line margins. This control is equivalent to CHA in the Ambassador implementation.
ESC [ Pn a)Moves the cursor right Pn columns. The cursor may not move past the right margin.
Moves the cursor right to the next tab stop. If zWFM is set, the cursor may wrap to following lines. If zWFM is set, zSPM and zACM are reset, and the cursor is at the last tab stop in the Page, all data in the Page scrolls up one line (losing the contents of the top line).
ESC I)Shifts the characters between the preceding tab stop and the cursor, but not including the character at the cursor, forward up to the next tab stop (or end of line, whichever is first). The character positions between the preceding tab stop and the new beginning of the shifted string are erased. The rendition erased to is determined by the setting of the GR-register; see SGR. The cursor moves to the next tab stop. If zWFM is set, the cursor may wrap to following lines. If zWFM is set, zSPM and zACM are reset, and the cursor is at the last tab stop in the Page, all data in the Page scrolls up one line (losing the contents of the top line).
ESC H)Sets a tab stop at the cursor. If TSM is reset, a columnar tab stop is
set. If TSM is set, a page tab stop is set. Setting a page tab stop
may start a Qualified Area; see DAQ. This control is equivalent to the
CTC control, ESC [ W.
ESC [ Pn1 ; Pn2 f)Positions the cursor to line Pn1, column Pn2. If zACM is reset, Pn1 references the beginning of Page, and the cursor may not move outside the Page boundaries. If zACM is set, Pn1 references the beginning of Active Memory. This control is equivalent to CUP in the Ambassador implementation.
ESC [ Pn @)Inserts Pn spaces (2/0) at the cursor by shifting the character at the cursor, and all following characters in the editing region, to the right. Characters shifted past the end of the editing region are lost. The position of the cursor is not changed. The rendition of the inserted characters is determined by the setting of the GR-register; see SGR. The extent of the editing region is determined by the setting of the EE-register; see SEE. If zACM is set, the control may not be used with an EE-setting of zero (i.e. to end of Page).
In the RESET state, the cursor symbol is displayed in accordance with the state of zBKCM and zBNCM.
In the SET state, the cursor symbol is not displayed.
ESC [ Pn L)Inserts Pn erased lines by shifting the contents of the active line, and all following lines, downward. The position of the cursor is not changed. Lines shifted past the end of Page are lost. The rendition of the inserted lines is determined by the setting of the GR-register; see SGR. If zACM is set, the control may not be used.
ESC D)Moves the cursor down one line. If zSPM and zACM are reset and the cursor is in the bottom line of the Page, all data in the Page scrolls up on line (losing the contents of the top line).
In the RESET state, NUL (0/0) codes received in the incoming data stream are put into the FIFO (so they may be passed on to the printer in Remote Copy).
In the SET state, NUL codes received in the incoming data stream are ignored (i.e. not put into the FIFO) so that they may be used as pad characters on systems that cannot accommodate Xon/Xoff flow control; see zAXM. The following is the worst-case execution time of the Ambassador's long controls. Typical is much less.
| Insert/delete line | 3 | ms. |
| Insert/delete char (in line) | 4 | |
| Push/pop line | 5 | |
| Erase line | 5 | |
| Erase 60 lines | 156 | |
| Change graphic rendition | 283 | |
| Insert/delete char (in display) | 304 | |
| Erase 60 lines with max DAQ's | 2368 |
ESC a)This control is detected at the input to the terminal's FIFO, and causes the terminal to terminate a print or send in progress.
In the RESET state, the entry or receipt of a graphic character causes the appropriate graphic symbol to replace the symbol currently imaged at the cursor, and then moves the cursor forward one character position.
In the SET state, the entry or receipt of a graphic character causes the appropriate graphic symbol to be inserted at the cursor, after shifting the character at the cursor, and all following characters in the editing region, forward one character position, and then moves the cursor forward one character position. The extent of the editing region is determined by the setting of the EE-register; see SEE. If zACM is set, the mode may not be used in this state with an EE-setting of zero (i.e. to end of Page).
In the RESET state, keyboard input is enabled.
In the SET state, keyboard input is disabled, except for the RESET, SETUP, and BREAK keys. These keys may be disabled by programming them with a null string. When the keyboard is disabled, key entry is inhibited (attempted entries result in an error 'beep') and the cursor is not displayed.
In the RESET state, no audible feedback of key entry is generated.
In the SET state, an audible key click is sounded as each character is entered.
In the RESET state, the control keypad generates the numeric set of the graphic characters and requires depression of the SHIFT key to generate terminal control functions.
In the SET state, the control keypad generates the terminal control functions and requires depression of the SHIFT key to generate the numeric set of graphic characters.
Selects the keys that automatically repeat when held down for more than ½ second. (The repeat rate is determined by zFRM.)
In the RESET state, the four cursor ARROW keys, plus TAB, INSERT, and DELETE, repeat. (These keys may be re-programmed to not repeat.)
In the SET state, the number keys on the Control keypad and all keys on the Main keypad (except ESC, PAUSE, BREAK, and RETURN) also repeat.
Moves the cursor down one line. If LNM is set, it also does an implicit CR (0/13). If zSPM and zACM are reset and the cursor is in the bottom line of the Page, all data in the Page scrolls up one line (losing the contents of the top line).
In the RESET state, the LF (0/10) code moves the cursor down one line.
In the SET state, LF moves the cursor to the beginning of the next line, effecting the NL (New Line) option of ANSI X3.4. This mode does not affect the IND or NEL controls.
In the RESET state, the transmission of data from the terminal's Display Memory to the host is not automatically suspended at end of line.
In the SET state, the transmission of data from the terminal's Display Memory to the host is automatically suspended, by resetting the Communications Ready Flag (CRF) after each LF code. The host is required to send the DC1 control (to set CRF) after receiving each line, to complete the transmission.
This mode is applicable only if SATM is reset.
In the RESET state, only the single Selected Area containing the cursor is transmitted to the host or printer. Transmission starts with the first preceding SSA symbol. If there is no preceding SSA symbol, an SSA symbol is implied at the beginning of the Page. If an ESA symbol is encountered before an SSA symbol, the operation is terminated and the control is ignored. If TTM is reset, an ESA symbol is implied at the cursor and transmission terminates with the cursor position. If TTM is set, transmission terminates with the first occurrence of an ESA symbol. If there is no terminating ESA symbol, one is implied at the end of the Page.
In the SET state, all Selected Areas in the Page are transmitted. The transfer pointer starts scanning from the beginning of Page (unless otherwise set; see zSTP). Transmission is enabled by SSA symbols and disabled by ESA symbols. If the first symbol encountered is an ESA symbol, an SSA symbol is implied at the initial transfer-pointer position. If TTM is reset, scanning terminates at the cursor. If TTM is set, scanning continues to end of Page (unless otherwise set; see zSTE). In either case, an ESA symbol is implied at that point, and transmission terminates.
Actual SSA and ESA symbols are included in the transmission; implied symbols are not. The symbols are transmitted to the host as their escape sequence. They are transferred to the printer as space (2/0) codes.
In the RESET state, no audible feedback is generated as the cursor approaches the right margin.
In the SET state, an audible bell is sounded whenever the operator types a graphic character with the cursor in column 72.
ESC [ Ps i)Controls the transfer of data to the printer as selected by Ps:
| 0 | Print Page (default) |
| 4 | Turn off Local Copy |
| 5 | Turn on Local Copy |
A parameter value of 0 initiates transfer from the terminal's Display Memory to the printer. All transfers start at the beginning of Page, unless otherwise specified; see zSTP. All transfers end at the cursor (TTM reset) or the end of Page (TTM set), unless otherwise specified; see zSTE. The form and content of the transfer are affected by the following modes:
| MATM | Multiple Area Transfer Mode |
| SATM | Single Area Transfer Mode |
| zGAPM | Guarded Area Print Mode |
A parameter value of 5 enables Local Copy. All data received by the terminal are also copied to the printer. The data are copied from Display Memory (not from the data stream) after each display line has been completed with an LF or NEL control.
A parameter value of 4 disables Local Copy.
With either method of print, the format of the printout (margin and page size) may be specified with the zSPF control. Any transfer in progress to the printer may be aborted with the INT or RIS controls.
In the RESET state, the PAUSE key may be used to regulate the flow of received data; see zAPM.
In the SET state, the PAUSE key acts as a META SHIFT key, to facilitate use of the terminal with software that uses the parity bit for 8-bit data transmission. If held down while any other key is struck, the key code is transmitted with its parity bit equal to 'one'. Otherwise, the parity bit is transmitted equal to 'zero' (regardless of the Setup parity settings). If the Pause functions are desired during Meta Key mode, they may be moved to other keys with the DCS control.
In the RESET state, the terminal accepts 7-bit data and parity in the incoming data stream. If the Parity Detection bit (on Setup line B) is set, parity errors are displayed as an error symbol (checkerboard) on the screen, and as the character rendered in Bold Underline on the Data Monitor line.
In the SET state, the terminal accepts 8-bit data (in lieu of parity) in the incoming data stream. Characters received with the 8th bit equal to 'one' are displayed in the Data Monitor line rendered in Bold Underline. The 7-bit portion of the data (after stripping the 8th bit) is displayed on the screen.
ESC E)Moves the cursor to the beginning of the next line. If zSPM and zACM are reset and the cursor is in the bottom line of the Page, all data in the Page scrolls up one line (losing the contents of the top line).
ESC [ Pn t)Moves the contents of Pn lines at the bottom of the Page to (start at) the active line, by shifting the active line, and all following lines, downward. The cursor position is unchanged. If zACM is set, the control may not be used.
ESC [ Pn s)Moves the contents of Pn lines, starting with the active line, to the bottom of Page, by shifting the bottom lines of the Page upward. The cursor position is unchanged. If zACM is set, the control may not be used.
ESC 8)Restores the cursor position (and rendition setting) to its 'saved' values; see zSC. If zACM is reset, it restores the values to the Primary cursor. If zACM is set, it restores the values to the Alternate cursor.
ESC [ Pn b)Causes the single graphic character immediately preceding the control to be repeated Pn times.
ESC M)Moves the cursor up one line. If zSPM and zACM are reset and the cursor is in the top line of the Page, all data in the Page scrolls down one line (losing the bottom line).
ESC c)This control is detected at input to the terminal's FIFO and causes the terminal to reset to its power-on condition, except that the string table (see DCS) is not re-initialized. No data, including pads, should be sent to the terminal for at least 200 ms following an RIS control, to allow the terminal time to re-initialize its I/O. If the USART comes out of initialization in the middle of a received character, that character and probably following characters will be garbled, with indeterminate effect.
In the RESET state, the RETURN key generates the CR code (0/13).
In the SET state, the RETURN key generates the two-code sequence CR LF (0/13 0/10).
ESC [ Ps..Ps l)Resets modes of the terminal as selected by each Ps. Multiple Ps must be separated by a ; (3/11). The control has both a standard and private-use form; see SM.
In the RESET state, the contents of Selected Areas (see SSA, ESA) are transmitted to the host or printer. Characters outside of Selected Areas are not transmitted. If MATM is reset, only the active Selected Area is transmitted. If MATM is set, all Selected Areas are transmitted.
In the SET state, characters are transmitted regardless of their Selected status.
ESC 7)Saves the cursor position and rendition setting in a temporary buffer for later recall; see zRC. If zACM is reset, the Primary cursor position and associated rendition are saved. If zACM is set, the Alternate cursor position and associated rendition are saved.
ESC [ Pn T)Moves the contents of the Window down Pn lines, permitting the display of preceding lines. The position of the cursor (in the Page) is not changed.
ESC [ Pn1 ; Pn2 ; Pn3 ; Pn4 p)Partitions the terminal's Display Memory and Screen, according to the parameters:
The value of Pn1 should be greater than Pn2 + Pn3. The value of Pn4 should be greater than Pn2 + Pn3 + 1. This control does not affect the contents of Display Memory; only the partitioning. It resets the Forms flag (see DAQ), and moves the cursor to home.
ESC [ Ps Q)Sets an EE-register that determines the extent of the Page affected by the DCH and ICH controls, and by data entered or received with IRM set, as selected by Ps:
ESC [ Ps..Ps m)Sets a GR-register that determines the graphic rendition with which characters subsequently entered or received are displayed as selected by each Ps. Multiple Ps must be separated by a ; (3/11).
| 0 | Normal (default) |
| 1 | Bold or increased intensity |
| 4 | Underscore |
| 5 | Blink |
| 7 | Reverse (black character on 'white' field) |
| 8 | Concealed (security) |
The contents of the GR-register are appended to all characters written into the Page, including spaces (2/0) written as a result of erase and edit controls. The rendition is a part of the displayed character. When the character is erased or moved, its rendition is erased or moved with it. If zGRTM is set, the rendition information is included in transmissions to the host; see STS.
ESC [ Ps..Ps h)Sets modes within the terminal as selected by each Ps. Multiple Ps must be separated by a ; (3/11).
| 1 | GATM | Guarded Area Transfer Mode |
| 2 | KAM | Keyboard Action Mode |
| 4 | IRM | Insertion-Replacement Mode |
| 6 | ERM | Erasure Mode |
| 12 | SRM | Send-Receive Mode |
| 14 | FETM | Format Effector Transfer Mode |
| 15 | MATM | Multiple Area Transfer Mode |
| 16 | TTM | Transfer Termination Mode |
| 17 | SATM | Selected Area Transfer Mode |
| 18 | TSM | Tabulation Stop Mode |
| 20 | LNM | Line Feed New Line Mode |
If the first character in the parameter string is a > (3/14), the string is interpreted as a private-use parameter string supporting the standard parameters above, plus the following:
| 25 | zMBM | Margin Bell Mode |
| 26 | zKCM | Key Click Mode |
| 27 | zKPCM | Key Pad Control Mode |
| 28 | zKRM | Key Repeat Mode |
| 29 | zRLM | Return Line Feed Mode |
| 30 | zDBM | Destructive Backspace Mode |
| 31 | zBKCM | Block Cursor Mode |
| 32 | zBNCM | Blinking Cursor Mode |
| 33 | zWFM | Wrap Forward Mode |
| 34 | zWBM | Wrap Backward Mode |
| 35 | zDDM | DEL-character Display Mode |
| 36 | zSPM | Scroll-Page Mode |
| 37 | zAXM | Auto Xon/Xoff Mode |
| 38 | zAPM | Auto Pause Mode |
| 39 | zSSM | Slow Scroll Mode |
| 40 | zHDM | Half-Duplex Mode |
| 41 | zTPDM | Transfer Pointer Display Mode |
| 42 | zLTM | Line Transfer Mode |
| 43 | zCSTM | Column Separator Transfer Mode |
| 44 | zFSTM | Field Separator Transfer Mode |
| 45 | zGRTM | Graphic Rendition Transfer Mode |
| 46 | zAKDM | Auto Keyboard Disable Mode |
| 47 | zFRM | Fast Repeat Mode |
| 48 | zHAM | Hold in Area Mode |
| 49 | zGAPM | Guarded Area Print Mode |
| 50 | zFIM | Function-key Initialize Mode |
| 51 | zACM | Alternate Cursor Mode |
| 52 | zMKM | Meta Key Mode |
| 53 | zCLIM | Caps Lock Invert Mode |
| 54 | zINM | Ignore NUL Mode |
| 55 | zCNM | CR New-Line Mode |
| 56 | zICM | Invisible Cursor Mode |
| 57 | zMMM | Meta Monitor Mode |
ESC V)Sets an Area Qualifier with protected attribute. This control is equivalent to a DAQ control with a parameter value of 1.
ESC [ Pn1 ; Pn2 ; Pn3 w)Sets the format of printed copy resulting from use of the MC control according to the parameters:
In the RESET state, the terminal is in Scroll mode. Attempts to move the cursor past the bottom of Page with the IND, LF, or NEL controls, or past the end of Page with the HT or HTJ controls or graphic character entry (if zWFM is reset), cause the cursor to remain in the bottom line, and all characters in the Page to scroll up one line. The top line is removed and the bottom line is erased. Similarly, attempts to move the cursor past the top of Page with the RI control cause the cursor to remain in the top line, and all characters in the Page to scroll down one line. The bottom line is removed and the top line is erased. In either case, the rendition erased to is determined by the setting of the GR-register; see SGR.
In the SET state, the terminal is in Page mode. Attempts to move the cursor past the bottom of Page with the IND, LF, or NEL controls are ignored. Attempts to move the cursor past the end of Page with the HT or HTJ controls or graphic character entry cause the cursor to move to (or remain at) the end of the Page. Similarly, attempts to move the cursor past the top of Page with the RI control are ignored.
ESC [ Pn v)Causes the characters and controls that follow to be copied directly to the printer interface, and not displayed or executed by the terminal. The parameter specifies the number of bytes to be copied. If the parameter is omitted, copy continues until the first occurrence of an ETX (0/3) code in the data stream.
In the RESET state, the terminal is in the Monitor SRM. Keyboard inputs are not sent to the host as they are keyed. They are, instead, displayed and executed locally, and the resultant display subsequently sent to the host as a block; see STS. The inputs do not use the terminal's received-data FIFO. The FIFO may be used by the host to buffer data to the printer (see zSRC) and/or to Display Memory.
In the SET state, the terminal is in Simultaneous SRM. The keyboard is logically disconnected from the display. Keyboard inputs are passed to the terminal's communications interface and sent to the host as they are keyed. The host may echo the inputs back to the display or the inputs may be echoed back locally (zHDM set). In either case, the inputs become part of the incoming data stream and are buffered through the terminal's FIFO (see zAXM).
ESC F)Writes an SSA symbol (forward pointing triangle) at the cursor position. The SSA symbol is the first of a string of consecutive characters selected for subsequent transmission to the host or printer; see SATM, MATM. The end of the string is identified by an ESA symbol. The SSA symbol (and its subsequent control function) may be erased by erase controls, moved by edit controls, and is included in transmissions. The symbol is transmitted to the host as its escape sequence. It is transmitted to the printer as a space (2/0) code.
In the RESET state, characters received in the incoming data stream are processed and displayed at the incoming character rate.
In the SET state, characters received in the incoming data stream are displayed at a maximum rate of 4 lines per second. The terminal suspends processing of data from the received-data FIFO buffer as required to maintain this display rate. If the FIFO becomes nearly full, an XOFF control is sent to the host to suspend further transmission of data. When the FIFO becomes nearly empty, an XON control is sent to the host to resume the transmission of data. If zAXM is reset (prohibiting the transmission of XOFF), the terminal automatically resets zSSM and resumes processing if the FIFO becomes full.
ESC \)When received in the data stream following a DCS control, indicates the end of the character string to be transferred and terminates the transfer. It is ignored otherwise.
ESC [ Pn1 ; Pn2 z)Sets the ending address of the transfer pointer to line Pn1, column Pn2. The transfer includes the character at this position. A parameter value of zero (or omission of the parameter) for either parameter sets the ending address to the present cursor position for that parameter. At the completion of each transfer, the pointer is restored to the end of the Page. If TTM is reset, the transfer may terminate at the cursor.
ESC [ Pn1 ; Pn2 u)Sets the starting address of the transfer pointer to line Pn1, column Pn2. The transfer includes the character at this position. A parameter value of zero (or omission of the parameter) for either parameter sets the starting address to the present cursor position for that parameter. At the completion of each transfer, the pointer is restored to the beginning of the Page.
ESC S)Sets a Transmit Ready Flag (TRF) notifying the terminal's communications interface that the displayed data are ready to be transmitted to the host. This control initiates transmission if the Communications Ready Flag (CRF) is set (see DC1, DC3) and the Clear-to-Send (CTS) control input signal at the communications connector is 'on'.
All transmissions start at the beginning of Page, unless otherwise specified; see zSTP. All transmissions end at the cursor (TTM reset) or the end of Page (TTM set), unless otherwise specified; see zSTE. The form and content of the transmission are affected by the following modes:
| FETM | Format Effector Transfer Mode |
| GATM | Guarded Area Transfer Mode |
| MATM | Multiple Area Transfer Mode |
| SATM | Single Area Transfer Mode |
| zCSTM | Column Separator Transfer Mode |
| zFSTM | Field Separator Transfer Mode |
| zGRTM | Graphic Rendition Transfer Mode |
| zLTM | Line Transfer Mode |
During an operator-initiated transmission, the keyboard is disabled and the cursor symbol is not displayed. A transfer pointer symbol may be displayed; see zTPDM. At completion of the transmission, TRF is reset and the keyboard is disabled, unless otherwise specified; see zAKDM. Receipt of an STS control from the host does not remove the operator's cursor or disable the keyboard. The host is permitted to read all or any part of Display Memory without interfering with the operator's entry. A transmission in progress may be aborted with the INT or RIS controls.
ESC [ Pn S)Moves the contents of the Window up Pn lines, permitting the display of following lines. The position of the cursor (in the Page) is not changed.
ESC [ Ps g)Clears one or more tab stops as selected by Ps:
| 0 | Clears the tab stop at the cursor (default). |
| 2 | Clears all tab stops in the active line. |
| 3 | Clears all tab stops. |
If TSM is reset, it clears columnar tab stops. If TSM is set, it clears page tab stops, and may remove Qualified Areas (see DAQ). This control is equivalent to CTC (in function but not in parameter values).
ESC 5)Toggles the cursor symbol between its 'normal' display (as selected by zBKCM and zBKNM) and a fast-blinking block, for operator attention or warning.
ESC 6)Toggles the state of IRM, i.e. resets it if set, and sets it if reset.
During operator-initiated transmission of data from the termnal's Display Memory to the host or printer, the cursor symbol is not displayed (because operator entry is disabled); see STS, MC.
In the RESET state, no other marker is displayed. Reappearance of the cursor indicates completion of the operation.
In the SET state, a marker (block symbol) is displayed at the present transfer pointer position.
In the RESET state, the controls HTS, TBC, and CTC set and clear columnar tab stops. Columnar tab stops apply to all lines in the page. They are preset at power-on to columns 1, 9, 17, 25, 33, 41, 49, 57, 65, and 73. If all columnar tab stops are cleared, a columnar tab stop is implied in column 1.
In the SET state, these controls set and clear page tab stops. Page tab stops apply to individual character positions in the page. None are set at power-on.
In the RESET state, transfer of characters from Display Memory terminates with the cursor position.
In the SET state, transfer of characters from Display Memory terminates with the last character position in the Page.
The character located at the terminating position is sent, if eligible to be sent; see GATM, SATM, MATM.
ESC [ Pn d)Positions the cursor to line Pn in the active column. If zACM is reset, Pn references the beginning of the Page, and the cursor may not move outside the Page. If zACM is set, Pn references the beginning of Active Memory.
ESC [ Pn e)Moves the cursor down Pn lines. This control is equivalent to CUD in the Ambassador implementation.
This control is equivalent to LF (0/10) in the Ambassador implementation.
In the RESET state, attempts to move the cursor past the left margin with the controls BS, CBT, or CUB cause the cursor to remain at the left margin.
In the SET state, attempts to move the cursor past the left margin with these controls cause the cursor to wrap to the preceding line.
In the RESET state, attempts to move the cursor past the right margin with the controls CHT, CUF, HT, or HTJ, or by entry of graphic characters, cause the cursor to remain at the right margin.
In the SET state, attempts to move the cursor past the right margin with these controls, or by the entry of graphic characters, cause the cursor to wrap to the next line.
This control may be sent from the terminal to the host to indicate a FIFO 'nearly empty' condition; see zAXM. The code to be used is selected (in decimal) on Setup line B. Default is DC1 (1/1).
This control may be sent from the terminal to the host to indicate a FIFO 'nearly full' condition; see zAXM. The code to be used is selected (in decimal) on Setup line B. Default is DC3 (1/3).